Progressive Movement Study Guide
Essential Understandings
Discrimination against African Americans continued after Reconstruction.
"Jim Crow" laws institutionalized a system of legal segregation.
African Americans differed in their responses to discrimination and "Jim Crow."
The effects of industrialization led to the rise of organized labor and important workplace reforms.
Essential Questions
What is racial segregation?
How were African Americans discriminated against?
How did African Americans respond to discrimination and "Jim Crow"?
How did the reforms of the Progressive Movement change the United States?
How did workers respond to the negative effects of industrialization?
Essential Knowledge
Challenges faced by cities
- Political corruption (political machines—Boss Tweed, e.g.)
- Political machines (bosses) that gained power by attending to the needs of new immigrants (e.g., jobs, housing)
Racial segregation
Based upon race
Directed primarily against African Americans, but other groups also were kept segregated
"Jim Crow" laws were passed to discriminate against African Americans.
"Jim Crow" laws
- Made discrimination practices legal in many communities and states
- Were characterized by unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, government
African American response
- Booker T. Washington—Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education; accepted social separation
- W.E.B. Du Bois—Believed in full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans
Negative effects of industrialization
- Child labor
- Low wages, long hours
- Unsafe working conditions
Progressive Movement workplace reforms
- Improved safety conditions
- Reduced work hours
- Placed restrictions on child labor
Women’s suffrage
- Increased educational opportunities
- Attained voting rights
- Women gained the right to vote with passage of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America.
- Susan B. Anthony worked for women’s suffrage.
Temperance Movement
- Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol
- Supported 18th Amendment prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages
Vocabulary:
suffragist
progressive
Jim Crow laws
muckraker
Salvation Army
Settlement House
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Miscellaneous:
Eighteenth Amendment
Nineteenth Amendment
Pure Food & Drug Act
Temperance Movement
Tuskegee Institute
People:
Thomas Nast
Boss William Tweed
Upton Sinclair
W.E.B. Dubois
Carry Nation
Booker T. Washington
Susan B. Anthony
Jacob Riis
Ida Tarbell
Lincoln Steffans
Know the difference between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois' beliefs.