Chapter 20 Test Study Guide
November 8, 2002
SOL’s: USII 1a, b, c, d, f, USII 3a, b, c, d, e
Essential Understandings
- Population changes, growth of cities, and new inventions produced interaction and often conflict between different cultural groups
- Populations changes, growth of cities, and new inventions produced problems in urban areas
- Inventions had both positive and negative effects on society
Essential Questions
- Why did immigration increase?
- Why did cities develop?
- What inventions created great change and industrial growth in the U.S.?
- What challenges faced Americans as a result of those social and technological changes?
Essential Knowledge
Reasons for increased immigration
- Hope for better opportunities
- Religious freedom
- Escape from oppressive governments
- Adventure
Reasons why cities developed
- Specialized industries including steel (Pittsburgh), meat packing (Chicago)
- Immigration from other countries
- Movement of Americans (farmers, African Americans) from rural to urban areas for job opportunities.
Challenges faced by Americans as a result of social and technological advances
- Rapid industrialization and urbanization led to overcrowded immigrant neighborhoods and tenements.
Efforts to solve immigration problems
- Settlement houses, such as Hull House founded by Jane Addams
Interaction and conflict between different cultural groups
- Discrimination against immigrants
Chinese—Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Challenges faced by cities
- Tenements and ghettos
- Pollution
- Crime
- Disease ran rampant
Vocabulary Terms and People to know
Assimilation Jane Addams
Settlement house Salvation Army
Tenement "Great Migration"
Xenophobia Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Nativist "Hull House"
Emigrate Ellis Island
Push factor Angel Island
Pull factor
Ethnic group
Urban
Ragtime
Vaudeville